Best Bone Marrow Transplant In India
The average cost of Bone marrow transplant in India ranges from 15000$ to 40000$. This is the tentative cost of BMT in India, the actual cost will be decided after diagnosis confirmed. the Bone marrow transplant also depends on hospitals location and doctor practices.
Here is an average cost for bone marrow transplant in India, categorized based on the type of procedure:
Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Cost In India Starting from 20000$
Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Cost In India Starting from 300000$
Haplo – Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant Cost In India Starting from 400000$
What Is Bone Marrow Transplant?
Bone marrow transplant is a treatment procedure, which is used to replace the damaged or destroyed blood cells with new healthy blood stem cells in the body. So, this bone marrow transplant is also called as stem cell transplant. BMT is used to treat some cancers like leukemia, multiple myeloma, some types of lymphoma and blood related disorders such as thalassemia and anemia.
Bone Marrow is a soft and spongy tissue part of a bone. This bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which can turn into different types of blood cells.
The accelerated innovation in medical science over the last couple of years have contributed to a growth in the bone marrow transplant price in India’s success rate and a rise in the survival rates for several kinds of blood cancers.
Overview
Bone marrow contains stem cells. In healthy individuals, stem cells in the bone marrow facilitate the creation of:
- Red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body
- White blood cells, which facilitate repelling infection in the body
- Platelets that produce clots to stop excessive bleeding in the body
If a medical condition — like one that damages the blood or the circulatory system — prevents the body from making healthy blood cells, an individual may need a bone marrow transplant.
A person with any of these conditions may also be a candidate for a bone marrow transplant:
- Some types of blood cancers, including leukaemia or lymphoma
- Immune or genetic diseases, such as sickle cell anaemia or thalassemia
- Bone marrow diseases, like aplastic anemia
- Bone marrow damage caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer
The first allogeneic transplantation was performed by E. Donnall Thomas in 1957. Since 1957, the field evolved with newer technologies and advancements and expanded to be accepted worldwide as a treatment for a number of conditions.
Why is bone marrow transplant required?
The goal of a bone marrow transplant is to cure many diseases and types of cancer. When the doses of chemotherapy or radiation needed to cure a cancer are so high that a person’s bone marrow stem cells will be permanently damaged or destroyed by the treatment, a bone marrow transplant may be needed. Bone marrow transplants may also be needed if the bone marrow has been destroyed by a disease.
A bone marrow transplant can be used to:
Replace diseased, nonfunctioning bone marrow with healthy functioning bone marrow (for conditions such as leukemia, aplastic anemia, and sickle cell anemia).
Regenerate a new immune system that will fight existing or residual leukemia or other cancers not killed by the chemotherapy or radiation used in the transplant.
Replace the bone marrow and restore its normal function after high doses of chemotherapy and/or radiation are given to treat a malignancy. This process is often called rescue.
Replace bone marrow with genetically healthy functioning bone marrow to prevent more damage from a genetic disease process (such as Hurler’s syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy).
The risks and benefits must be weighed in a thorough discussion with your healthcare provider and specialists in bone marrow transplants before the procedure.
What are the Symptoms of Bone Marrow Cancer ?
According to oncologist the usual signs and symptoms of this type of cancer can vary from person to person. The usual ones include:
- Pain in the spine or chest
- Constipation
- Nausea
- Loss of appetite
- State of confusion
- Fatigue
- Frequent infections
- Weight loss
- Weakness of the legs
- Excessive thirst.
The need for Bone Marrow Transplant:
Bone marrow is an important part of the body since it’s very important to the correct functioning of your immune system. If your bone marrow is diseased and there are not enough white blood cells, red blood cells, or platelets, then your body’s immune system becomes weak and you also become prone to infections, diseases, and infections.
This may do a great deal of harm to your own body and has the potential to lead to deadly infections. That is the reason why bone marrow transplant is completed while the bone marrow isn’t functioning optimally, like if you’ve a bone marrow disease once the bone marrow malfunction occurs. The reason for bone marrow destruction or harm changes from person to person and at times it’s hard to work out bone marrow disorder symptoms.
A bone marrow transplant may be advocated by your bone marrow transplant physician if your bone marrow indicates an inability to make stem cells. Bone marrow transplant helps individuals experiencing cancer-related ailments and in the event of bone marrow damage because of prolonged chemotherapy and radiation exposure.
With the support of a bone marrow transplant, your bone marrow may be rescued after it’s been damaged as fresh stem cells may expedite the process of stem cell generation.
Diseases and Conditions
Below are a few of the most frequent issues that cause the need for a Bone Marrow Transplant. Anyone of you who suffers from one of these diseases, you have to check a bone marrow transplant expert to comprehend your suitability for bone marrow transplantation.
- Immune Deficiencies
- Congenital Neutropenia: An inherited disease that causes recurring infections.
- POEMS syndrome: A rare blood disease that damages the nerves and might affect a number of different areas of the human body.
- Aplastic Anemia: A disease where the embryo stops making new blood cells.
- Neuroblastoma: Type of cancer caused because of immature nerve cells located within the body.
- An inherited blood disease that causes misshapen red blood cells.
- Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Plasma Cell Disarry: A variety of increasingly intense monoclonal gammopathies by which a clone or numerous clones of premalignant or cancerous cells over-produce and secrete myeloma protein to the blood flow.
- Thalassemia: An inherited blood disease where the body creates an abnormal type of hemoglobin, also an essential portion of red blood cells.
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Bone marrow cancers like Leukemia, Multiple Myeloma, or Lymphoma
Risk Factors associated with Bone Marrow Transplant
A bone marrow transplant is considered a major medical procedure and increases your risk of experiencing:
- A drop in blood pressure
- a headache
- nausea
- pain
- shortness of breath
- chills
- a fever
The above symptoms are typically short-lived, but a bone marrow transplant can cause complications. Your chances of developing these complications depend on several factors, including:
- your age
- your overall health
- the disease you’re being treated for
- the type of transplant you’ve received
Complications can be mild or very serious, and they can include:
- graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which is a condition in which donor cells attack your body
- graft failure, which occurs when transplanted cells don’t begin producing new cells as planned
- bleeding in the lungs, brain, and other parts of the body
- cataracts, which is characterized by clouding in the lens of the eye
- damage to vital organs
- early menopause
- anemia, which occurs when the body doesn’t produce enough red blood cells
- infections
- nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting
- mucositis, which is a condition that causes inflammation and soreness in the mouth, throat, and stomach
Talk to your doctor about any concerns you may have. They can help you weigh the risks and complications against the potential benefits of this procedure.
Pre-Blood and Marrow Transplant Eligibility Test?
Prior to beginning any treatment, the transplant nurse coordinator and financial coordinator will be required to submit the required documentation.
You will also have to be approved by the transplant team for receiving any sort of transplant. The aim of this is to make sure that you are receiving the best care and treatment based on your diagnosis and individual scenario.
Required Testing
- Blood work
- A 24-hour urine specimen for evaluation of kidney function
- EKG (electrocardiogram)
- Chest x-ray
- CT scans: chest and sinus, and abdomen and pelvis if required
- Bone marrow diagnostic test, if required
- MUGA scan or echocardiogram to evaluate heart function
- Pulmonary function test to check lung function
- Consultation with the psychology department, if suggested
Your nurse coordinators can work with you to regulate your treatment. There are different phases of treatment for various types of transplants.
During Procedure BMT
Pre – Transplant
Prior to the beginning of your bone marrow transplantation, a bone marrow examination is to be done. The bone marrow evaluation is utilized to find out the kinds of bone marrow cells which you need. Your bone marrow physician will decide that bone marrow evaluation process to choose for.
If you’re getting treated for cancer then you may get a bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy done also. Usually, he’ll ask you to your medical history and conduct a physical examination. This is a significant step since the physician has to make positive you are a suitable candidate for your transplant procedure. This testing period can take a few days.
Conditioning Process
You may be given chemotherapy or radiation or both by the bone marrow expert. This can be done prior to the bone marrow transplant process. There are two way of doing it they are:
1. Mini transplant or reduced-intensity therapy is a process where chemotherapy and radiation are offered to you in smaller doses. This is normally for the elderly and people that are currently experiencing health complications.
2. Myeloablative or ablative therapy is a procedure where radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination of both of those remedies is provided to you in large doses. This can be used to kill cancer cells that are in the human body. Be aware that the wholesome cells from the bone marrow which are present are murdered in this procedure.
3. The reason why conditioning method is done would be to suppress your immune system, destroy cancer cells (if you’re experiencing a kind of cancer) and also permit your bone marrow to be prepared for the new healthier stem cells that are likely to be transplanted. The conditioning procedure can have one or more side effects such as organ complications, fatigue, hair loss, vomiting, cataracts, infertility, mouth ulcers, and nausea.
Types of Bone Marrow Transplant
Bone marrow transplant can be categorized into three types:
Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant
The term auto means self. In this procedure, stem cells are taken from your body before you are given high-dose chemotherapy or radiation treatment. The stem cells are preserved in a freezer. After the high-dose chemotherapy, or when the radiation treatments are done, your stems cells are placed back into your body to help retain the proper function of blood cell formation. This is also called a rescue transplant.
Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant
The term “allo” means other. Here, stem cells are removed from another person, who is called the donor. Many times, it is a requirement that the donor’s genes must at least partly match your genes. Special tests are performed to screen if a donor is a good match for you. A sibling is most likely to be the best match. Most times, parents, children, and other relatives may also be good matches. Then there are national bone marrow registries where you may be able to find donors who are not related to you but are still a match.
- A parent. A haploid-identical match is when the donor is a parent and the genetic match is at least half identical to the recipient. These transplants are rare.
- Unrelated bone marrow transplants (UBMT or MUD for matched unrelated donor). The genetically matched marrow or stem cells are from an unrelated donor. Unrelated donors are found through national bone marrow registries.
Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant
This is a type of allogeneic transplant. In this procedure, stem cells are detached from a newborn baby’s umbilical cord just after birth. The stem cells are frozen and stored until they are required for a transplant. Umbilical cord blood cells have not matured much therefore, there is less of a need for finding a good match. Because of the smaller range of the stem cells, the blood count takes much longer to recover.
Requirements and Criteria of Bone Marrow Transplants
A bone marrow transplant may take as much as a whole week and the price of bone marrow transplant may fluctuate based upon the individual situation. Listed here are a few of the things which you should keep in mind:
- You will need to notify your workplace about your absence for a whole week. Applying for medical leave in advance is a fantastic idea so that your workplace is conscious ahead.
- You may want to organize your loved ones to keep near where you’re being treated. For this, seeking a resort or home close to the hospital is a great way to prepare.
- When you have pets then you have to make sure they are cared for the whole week. You may want to initiate the research on this ancient.
- You need to think of how you’re likely to travel at this time and organize to get a helper, friend, or relative to support you at the moment.
- When there aren’t any bills to be paid during this time, then install auto pay or cover your bills beforehand when at all possible. You need to make sure that your insurer must be intimated as well.
Finding a Donor
If you require an allogeneic bone marrow transplant, also called an allogeneic stem cell transplant, to be achieved, then you need to locate a donor.
If it comes to finding a donor, then there are a couple of alternatives. A donor could be your relative, friend, or maybe a person you do not understand. But, doctors usually search for a donor genetic makeup that matches yours, even partially. The main reason is the achievement of allogeneic bone marrow transplant is dependent upon how great the donor game is.
An evaluation will be conducted to see whether the donor is ideal for you or not. This evaluation will determine whether you have to get another donor or the present donor is a match. Normally, the nearest of their household, including your siblings, proves to be great matches.
But, that does not imply people that aren’t associated with you won’t create a match. The bone marrow registries are useful once you’re looking for a matching donor not associated with you.
Medicare Spots offers the best Bone Marrow Transplant Cost in India at an affordable price for international patients coming to India under the supervision of the most trained doctors.
During Transplant
Within some days of conditioning, you’re prepared for the final step. You’ll receive your new stem cells through a thin tube, called a central line, which goes into a vein in your chest. It’ll take a few hours. You’ll be awake the whole time and won’t feel any pain.
The new stem cells will navigate their own way into your bone marrow. It might take a few weeks for your blood cell counts to come back to normal.
Stem cells that are frozen have a preservative in them which may cause side effects. If you utilize frozen stem cells, you’ll also be prescribed medication to help deal with any problems, and you may also receive more fluids to flush the preservative out of your body.
Generally, most of the side effects of the transplant procedure are minor, and some come from the preservative. They may include:
- Chest pain
- Fever and chills
- Headache
- Hives
- Nausea
- Shortness of breath
- Taste of garlic or creamed corn in your mouth
First Step: Get the Bone Marrow Transplant Donor Ready to Donate
- If you match with a patient, you will be approached to confirm that you want to donate cells. If you confirm to move forward, you’ll be asked to update your health data and to participate in extra testing to see if you are the most effective match for the patient. If you are the best match, you need to:
- Take part in an information session. Elaborate detailed information will be provided to you about the procedure of donation and the recovery process, as well as about any risks and side effects. If you confirm and agree to donate, you will need to sign a consent form.
- Get a physical exam done and give blood samples to help confirm that the donation is safe for both you and the patient.
Second Step: Donate PBSC or Bone Marrow
- There are two procedures that may be followed for donation: PBSC or Bone Marrow. The health practitioner will choose which one is the best for the patient.
- PBSC (Peripheral blood stem cell) donation: This is a non-surgical procedure. For five days prior to donation, you will be given injections of filgrastim. Filgrastim is a medicine that raises the quantity of blood-forming cells in your blood. On the day of donation, blood is taken through a needle in one arm and passed through a machine that segregates the blood-forming cells. The remaining blood is sent back into your body through the other arm.
- Bone marrow transplant: The donor will undergo a surgical procedure that will take place in an Apollo Hospital operating room. The doctor will use needles to take liquid marrow from the backside of your pelvic bone. Donors will receive anaesthesia and feel no pain throughout the donation process.
Third Step: Recovery and follow-up
- The time a donor takes to recover varies. It depends on the person and the type of donation. In most of the cases, donors are able to return to work, school, colleges or other activities within 1 to 7 days after the donation process.
Discharge Instructions for Bone Marrow Transplant?
After bone marrow transplantation, your risk of infection is greater because your immune system is weak for up to 6 months after the transplant. Protect yourself from infection by following the guidelines and precautions on this sheet.
- Increase your activity slowly.
- Begin light exercise such as walking.
- Get plenty of rest and take breaks between activities.
- Check with your healthcare provider before driving a car.
- Don’t swim until the central venous catheters have been removed.
- Wash your hands often, especially after using the bathroom.
- Wash your hands before and after caring for your central venous catheter, if you have one.
- Use an electric razor for shaving.
The Most Important Frequently Asked Questions BMT
Q: I am hesitant about the Bone Marrow Transplant procedure. What should I do?
A: You have to realize that getting anxieties regarding bone marrow transplant is ordinary. You need to jot down all of the questions you’ve got and talk to a physician about them. The trick will be for you to be familiar with the process before it starts. Do not be afraid to ask your physician all of the questions that you have. If you believe anxiety is negatively impacting you and getting uncontrollable, then it’s a fantastic idea to consult with a counselor. Talking to a family about the process and preparing them is a fantastic idea so that they know of what to expect. Support teams are also available to help you browse throughout the strain and apprehensions of this process. These support groups also can assist you to conduct sufficient research on the internet about the very best clinic for bone marrow transplant in India at which it is possible to get the very best medical attention. This may go a long way in relieving your own concern.
Q. What is the difference between bone marrow and bone marrow transplant?
A. ‘Bone marrow’ is a spongy tissue inside your bones that forms blood cells. Bone marrow transplant, on the other hand, refers to the procedure of replacing the blood-forming cells (known as stem cells). Initially, the patient receives chemotherapy, radiation, or both, to kill the cancer cells and healthy cells within the bone marrow. Afterwards, the patient receives new stem cells through an IV. The new stem cells generate healthy blood cells.
Q: Is it possible not to be eligible for a bone marrow transplant?
A: Yes. Some individuals may not be entitled to a bone marrow transplant as they’re not healthy enough to be given a transplant. The process is very taxing on your body and consequently, overall wellbeing ought to be preserved before trying it. That is the reason why physicians spend a fantastic period of time to make certain you’re physically prepared for a bone marrow transplant.
Q: Just how long can it take for me to resume my regular activities following the transplant process?
A: Following the bone marrow transplant, then you’ll be closely tracked by the physicians as they’ll be watching out for a rise in blood cell count and some discomfort you may encounter. The comprehensive healing may require a year but it depends upon a lot of factors. If the transplant is deemed effective (Stem cells are being generated), then you are able to resume your usual daily tasks.
Q: What’s the bone marrow transplantation price in India?
A: The bone marrow transplant price is dependent upon a number of factors like the kind of transplant and the place of where you’re receiving the transplant. That is the reason why following the suitable evaluations are completed, your health care provider may provide you with an estimate of this bone marrow transplantation price. The bone marrow transplant price in India may differ from hospital to hospital, so hence it is essential that you do your research on the internet and have a quote from several hospitals prior to opting to proceed. Nevertheless, ensure the quality of health care you get isn’t compromised when searching for affordability.
Q: Is it ok for me to work out following a bone marrow transplant?
A: As soon as your bone marrow transplant was a victory, you may begin to work out. But it’s a great idea to start slow and then as you get better you’re able to raise the level of the exercise so. Your health care provider can allow you to create a workout program that’s tailored to your own needs and requirements.
Q: How long am I supposed to remain in the hospital following the transplant process has finished?
A: This depends upon what you’re being treated for and also the positioning of this bone marrow transplant. At times, people do not need to remain in the hospital immediately after the process but other people do. It is based upon the individual circumstance. Occasionally because of high doses of radiation treatment and chemotherapy, you may have to remain in the clinic for a far longer period. Your health care provider will inform you regarding the period of your stay so you may make arrangements so.
Q: Do I want to take anything to the hospital to get the bone marrow transplant process?
A: You’ll be changed to another cottage for the bone marrow transplant process. Few of the items you can carry into the hospital are:
- Comfortable, clean and loose fitting clothing
- Loose slippers
- Razor, toothbrush and other toiletries
- Books, journals or magazines
- Personal items such as blankets
- Food items such as snacks and beverages
Q: Is it possible to lead a normal life after a bone marrow transplant?
A: Among those things you need to remember is that after a transplant, it requires a whole lot of time to recover. The transplant may take a few weeks or even months to be finished. It is ideal to get a health plan in your mind so you are able to look after yourself. It is also possible to check with family and friends for assistance. Throughout the first couple of months, you will feel helpless and much more tired than normal. There may be a sharp shift on your appetite and the way you smell and flavor food. Considering that all your cells are increasing, it might take a while to get back to your regular activities.
Best BMT Doctor in India
HOD, MBBS, MD, DM
15 Years of Experience
Gurgaon, India
- Dr. Rahul Bhargava is currently associated as head of the Haemato Oncology & Bone marrow transplant department of Fortis Memorial Research Institute hospital, Gurgaon.
- He specializes in Bone marrow transplant and is regarded as one of the best of his generation. He has done close to 100 bone marrow transplants which is record breaking in North India.
Senior Consultant , MBBS, MD, Fellowship
21 Years of Experience
Gurgaon , India
- Dr. Vikas Dua is one the renowned consultants in the field of Pediatric- Haemato-oncology & bone marrow transplant.
- He has an experience of more than 21 years and has performed several successful BMTs for thalassemia and leukemia cases for children from India, Afghanistan, Iraq and African Countries.
Consultant , DM, MD, MBBS
9 Years of Experience
Noida, India
Dr. Pawan Kumar Singh is a Hematologic Oncologist and Bone Marrow Transplant Surgeon with more than 9 Years of Experience.
Chairman , DNB, MCh, MS, MBBS
30 Years of Experience
New Delhi , India
- Dr. Anant Kumar is a renowned urologist with 30+ years of experience.
- His interest include Kidney Transplantation, Robotic Assisted, Laparoscopic Urology, Renovascular Hypertension, Laparoscopic Urology, Urological Oncology, Laser Urological, Surgery & Reconstructive Urology.
- He performed 3500 kidney transplantations.